Palmitic acid, a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid, is one of the most common fatty acids found in nature. In skincare, it serves multiple functions, primarily as an emollient and skin-conditioning agent. Its molecular structure allows it to integrate seamlessly with the skin's natural lipids, enhancing the skin's barrier function and preventing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) [1].

Historically, palmitic acid has been used in soap making due to its cleansing properties. In modern skincare, it's valued for its ability to soften and smooth the skin without causing irritation. Research has shown that palmitic acid, along with other fatty acids, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin homeostasis and protecting against external stressors [2].

Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of palmitic acid in improving skin hydration and barrier function. A study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology found that topical application of palmitic acid and other fatty acids could accelerate skin barrier recovery after disruption [3]. This makes it particularly beneficial for dry, sensitive, or compromised skin.

While palmitic acid offers numerous benefits, it's important to note that its effectiveness can vary depending on the formulation and concentration. Some concerns have been raised about its potential to be comedogenic in high concentrations, although this is generally not an issue in well-formulated products [4].